As cannabis becomes increasingly legalized and accessible in various forms across the country, health care providers are raising alarms about its potential impact on child development. New research from Nationwide Children’s Hospital contributes to the growing body of evidence indicating that exposure to cannabis before birth can adversely affect children’s development.
A study published today in JAMA Pediatrics highlights a significant association between prenatal cannabis exposure and negative outcomes in early childhood, including impaired cognitive skills and behavioral issues such as impulsivity, attention deficits, planning difficulties, and increased aggression. These factors are crucial for children’s academic performance and social interactions.
“Despite being a natural product, cannabis carries significant risks when used during pregnancy,” said Sarah Keim, Ph.D., principal investigator in the Center for Biobehavioral Health at Nationwide Children’s Hospital and lead author of the study.
Dr. Keim emphasized that while some women may resort to cannabis to alleviate common pregnancy-related issues like nausea, sleep disturbances, and stress, it is essential to consult with a healthcare provider for safer alternatives.
The research involved comprehensive assessments, including parental reports on their child’s behavior and evaluations of skills related to impulse control, attention, problem-solving, and emotional regulation in preschool-aged children. Findings revealed that children who were exposed to cannabis in utero exhibited significant challenges in impulse control, attention, planning, and demonstrated heightened aggressive behavior in observed play scenarios.
“Our results were not unexpected; they confirm and extend prior research findings,” Dr. Keim stated. “With our contemporary and diverse sample of women and children and the higher potency of cannabis available today compared to previous decades, this study reinforces earlier conclusions and supports established clinical guidelines.”
Both the American Academy of Pediatrics and the American College of Obstetricians and Gynecologists advise against cannabis use during pregnancy due to the potential health risks for both mothers and their children.
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