Keloid scars are a type of raised scar that can occur as a result of an overgrowth of collagen during the healing process. While keloids can develop after any type of injury to the skin, they are more common in individuals with darker skin tones. Old keloid scars, which have been present for a considerable period of time, can be challenging to treat. However, there are several treatment options available that can help improve their appearance and provide relief from associated symptoms. This article will explore various professional treatment techniques for old keloid scars.
Understanding Old Keloid Scars:
Old keloid scars differ from fresh scars in terms of composition and appearance. They are typically thicker, larger, and may have an irregular shape. Due to their mature state, old keloid scars tend to be less responsive to treatment. However, with proper management and a combination of therapies, significant improvements can be achieved.
1. Topical Treatments:
a) Silicone Gel Sheets: These sheets provide a protective barrier and help regulate collagen production. Regular application can soften and flatten keloid scars over time.
b) Corticosteroid Creams: Prescription-strength corticosteroids can be used to reduce inflammation, itching, and discomfort associated with keloids. They work by suppressing the immune response and limiting collagen production.
2. Intralesional Corticosteroid Injections:
This procedure involves injecting corticosteroids directly into the keloid scar. Intralesional injections reduce inflammation, flatten the scar, and relieve associated symptoms. Multiple sessions may be required for optimum results.
3. Cryotherapy:
Cryotherapy involves freezing the keloid scar using liquid nitrogen. The freezing temperature destroys the excess collagen and triggers the growth of healthier tissue. This treatment can help flatten and reduce the size of old keloid scars.
4. Laser Therapy:
Laser treatment is an effective option for treating old keloid scars. Different types of lasers, such as pulsed-dye lasers and fractional lasers, can be used to target the scar tissue and stimulate collagen remodeling. Laser therapy helps improve both the appearance and texture of old keloids.
5. Surgical Excision:
Surgical removal of keloid scars should be approached with caution, as it can trigger additional scar formation. However, in certain cases, surgical excision combined with other treatments can provide successful outcomes. To minimize the risk of recurrence, postoperative measures like compression therapy and steroid injections may be necessary.
6. Radiation Therapy:
Radiation therapy is typically reserved for severe and recurrent keloid scars. It involves the use of high-energy X-rays to reduce excess scar tissue. Radiation therapy is often used in combination with other treatments to enhance results and decrease the likelihood of recurrence.
7. Emerging Treatments:
a) Pressure Garments: Wearing pressure garments over keloid scars can help flatten and soften them by applying constant pressure.
b) Botulinum Toxin Injections: Recent studies have shown promising results in using botulinum toxin injections to reduce keloid scar size and improve symptoms.
Conclusion:
While old keloid scars can present a challenge, a combination of treatment modalities can significantly improve their appearance and relieve associated symptoms. It’s important to consult with a dermatologist or plastic surgeon experienced in keloid scar management to determine the most suitable treatment plan. With advancements in medical technology, the outlook for individuals with old keloid scars is constantly improving, offering hope for better outcomes and enhanced quality of life.
